There are two exceptions. Second, the Crown might buy private land to use as part of a settlement. Yes — other countries are addressing similar issues such as treaties and indigenous rights.
Canada and Australia, for example, are each dealing with these matters in their own way. More than a dozen countries have visited New Zealand to see how we are doing things. Find out what the Treaty said, and see why it has caused so much debate — both in when it was signed and now.
Find further reading about the Treaty timeline, the taonga of the Treaty Grounds, and reading resources from other publications and websites. Treaty of Waitangi reading and resources Quick answers to common questions about the Treaty of Waitangi Recommended reading and resources Recommended websites. They found rich possibilities in New Zealand. Maori adopted aspects of European culture which they found useful. Metal, clothing and new foods, such as potatoes and pigs, were quickly acquired.
Guns led to more intense tribal warfare. Metal tools greatly influenced wood carving, fishing and other activities that had previously used stone tools. New Zealand also attracted more unruly convicts, traders, sailors and adventurers, mostly concentrated in the Bay of Islands. Lawless Europeans were also a problem.
James Busby became British Resident in , supposedly to control the British in New Zealand, but he had no means of enforcing order. He did assist with the adoption of a New Zealand flag in , and the Declaration of Independence, which was signed by 34 northern rangatira.
Both were acknowledged by the United Kingdom. Considerable pressure was placed on the British Government to intervene in New Zealand in the late s. Recognition of Maori independence meant the British needed a Treaty to gain formal authority. In some haste a document was created in early The British were reluctant to intervene in New Zealand because colonies were expensive and there were usually problems for the colonisers in their relations with native peoples.
However, in the late s, greater involvement was forced by several factors. Humanitarians in Britain supported this. By then the company had sent colonists. William Hobson, a naval officer who had reported on New Zealand in , was chosen to be Lieutenant-Governor of the new colony, representing the British Crown and Government.
When the first New Zealand Company settlers sailed, it was made clear to Hobson that annexation of the whole country would be best. Hobson knew he had to act fast. Hobson had no draft treaty. After a first attempt with Freeman, Hobson fell ill. Busby added considerably to the draft, which was finalised by Hobson on 4 February. Richard Taylor early on 5 February to be presented to the hui that day. Many other signatures were subsequently gained elsewhere.
Explanation and discussion continued through the day. Many rangatira spoke against a treaty. The mood was altered by rangatira, concerned about the situation in the north, who feared they could not control the influx of Europeans. The discussion gave little hint of many implications of signing the Treaty.
The hui was to resume on 7 February, but some Maori wished to leave a day earlier, so Hobson hastily agreed the Treaty could be signed. Hone Heke decided to sign, and over 42 rangatira followed, adding their names or personal marks to the parchment sheet of Te Tiriti o Waitangi. Hobson then travelled, gathering more signatures, first at Waimate and then at a large hui at Mangungu on the Hokianga. On 1 March at the Waitemata harbour Hobson suffered a stroke, he could not gather all the signatures wanted.
These were taken to various parts of New Zealand. Those gathering signatures also had copies of the English text, for their understanding.
Willoughby Shortland organised for other sheets to be taken to specific areas. The collecting of signatures lasted till early September. British authority was official, as far as the British were concerned. There are two principal versions of the Treaty, with other minor variations. The English text was signed by only 32 rangatira at Waikato Heads in mid-March and by 7 others at Manukau on 26 April Ko Wikitoria te Kuini o Ingarani i tana mahara atawai ki nga Rangatira me nga Hapu o Nu Tirani i tana hiahia hoki kia tohungia ki a ratou o ratou rangatiratanga me to ratou wenua, a kia mau tonu hoki te Rongo ki a ratou me te Atanoho hoki kua wakaaro ia he mea tika kia tukua mai tetahi Rangatira — hei kai wakarite ki nga Tangata maori o Nu Tirani — kia wakaaetia e nga Rangatira Maori te Kawanatanga o te Kuini ki nga wahikatoa o te wenua nei me nga motu — na te mea hoki he tokomaha ke nga tangata o tona Iwi Kua noho ki tenei wenua, a e haere mai nei.
Na ko te Kuini e hiahia ana kia wakaritea te Kawanatanga kia kaua ai nga kino e puta mai ki te tangata Maori ki te Pakeha e noho ture kore ana. Na kua pai te Kuini kia tukua a hau a Wiremu Hopihono he Kapitana i te Roiara Nawi hei Kawana mo nga wahi katoa o Nu Tirani e tukua aianei amua atu ki te Kuini, e mea atu ana ia ki nga Rangatira o te wakaminenga o nga hapu o Nu Tirani me era Rangatira atu enei ture ka korerotia nei.
Ko nga Rangatira o te wakaminenga me nga Rangatira katoa hoki ki hai i uru ki taua wakaminenga ka tuku rawa atu ki te Kuini o Ingarani ake tonu atu — te Kawanatanga katoa o o ratou wenua.
Ko te Kuini o Ingarani ka wakarite ka wakaae ki nga Rangatira ki nga hapu — ki nga tangata katoa o Nu Tirani te tino rangatiratanga o o ratou wenua o ratou kainga me o ratou taonga katoa. Otiia ko nga Rangatira o te wakaminenga ne nga Rangatira katoa atu ka tuku ki te Kuini te hokonga o era wahi wenua e pai ai te tangata nona te wenua — ki te ritenga o te utu e wakaritea ai e ratou ko te kai hoko e meatia nei te Kuini hei kai hoko mona.
Hei wakaritenga mai hoki tenei mo te wakaaetenga ki te Kawanatanga o te Kuini — Ka tiakina e te Kuini o Ingarani nga tangata maori katoa o Nu Tirani ka tukua ki a ratou nga tikanga katoa rite tahi ki ana mea ki nga tangata o Ingarani.
Na ko matou ko nga Rangatira o te Wakaminenga o nga hapu o Nu Tirani ka huihui nei ki Waitangi ko matou hoki ko nga Rangatira o Nu Tirani ka kite nei i te ritenga o enei kupu, ka tangohia ka wakaaetia katoatia e matou, koia ka tohungia ai o matou ingoa o matou tohu. Both sides suffered losses, with the Brittish Crown the eventual victor. Land confiscation and questionable land sales carried on through to the 20th century, until the vast majority of land in New Zealand was owned by settlers and the Crown.
To help rectify this, the Waitangi Tribunal was set up in The grounds and building where the treaty was signed have been preserved. Today, the Waitangi Historic Reserve is a popular tourist attraction. Let us show you the best of New Zealand on other platforms by selecting 'On' and allowing us to share data from your visit s with our partners. Our Privacy Policy and Cookie Policy explain how we use your data and who our partners are. In addition to above, we use other cookies and analytics to provide a better site experience.
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