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Any use of this site constitutes your agreement to the Terms and Conditions and Privacy Policy linked below. This site complies with the HONcode standard for trustworthy health information: verify here. This content does not have an English version. This content does not have an Arabic version. See more conditions. Drugs and Supplements Cephalexin Oral Route. Products and services. The structural similarity between cephalexin and penicillin means that cross-reactivity can occur.
Cephalexin should be administered with caution to individuals with a history of hypersensitivity to penicillin. Patients who have experienced severe, immediate-type penicillin hypersensitivity e. The health care professional should have immediate availability of agents used in the treatment of severe anaphylaxis in the event of a serious allergic reaction to cephalexin.
Cephalexin should be used with caution in patients with renal impairment or renal failure since the drug is eliminated via renal mechanisms. The degree of renal impairment and the severity of the infection will determine if renal dose adjustments or dosage interval adjustments are required. Dosages may need to be reduced in these patients. Cephalexin may rarely worsen renal function; pre-existing renal impairment may increase the risk of drug-induced renal toxicity.
Consider pseudomembranous colitis in patients presenting with diarrhea after antibacterial use. Careful medical history is necessary as pseudomembranous colitis has been reported to occur over 2 months after the administration of antibacterial agents.
Almost all antibacterial agents, including cephalexin, have been associated with pseudomembranous colitis or C. Treatment with antibacterial agents alters the normal flora of the colon leading to overgrowth of C. Data from published epidemiologic studies and pharmacovigilance case reports over several decades with cephalosporin use, including cephalexin, in human pregnancy have not established drug-associated risks or major birth defects, miscarriage, or adverse maternal or fetal outcomes.
Animal reproduction studies using oral cephalexin doses that are 0. Cephalexin is present in human breast milk. There are no data on the effects of cephalexin on the breast-fed child or on milk production.
Consider the benefits of breast-feeding along with the mother's clinical need for cephalexin and any potential adverse effects on breast-fed child from cephalexin or from the underlying maternal condition. This dose of cephalexin is significantly lower i. In this case report, the nursing infant had severe diarrhea and discomfort and was crying; it is unclear whether these same effects would have been seen with cephalexin monotherapy.
As with other oral antibiotics, alterations in the infant gut flora resulting in diarrhea may be expected; however, significant systemic effects do not appear to be common. All cephalosporins, including cephalexin, may rarely cause hypothrombinemia and have the potential to cause bleeding. The mechanism is usually via the inhibition of normal gut flora and decreases in normal vitamin K synthesis, leading to coagulopathy.
Cephalosporins which contain the NMTT side chain i. Cephalosporins should be used cautiously when there is a need for prolonged antibiotic therapy or other risk factors e. Patients with a preexisting coagulopathy e. Cephalosporins have also been reported to cause false-positive results in urine glucose tests that contain cupric sulfate solution e.
In addition, positive direct Coombs' tests have been reported in patients receiving cephalosporins, including cephalexin. If hematological testing is done in patients receiving cephalosporins, a false-positive Coombs' test may be caused by the antibiotic.
Cephalexin is renally eliminated. In clinical studies of cephalexin, no overall differences in safety or effectiveness were observed between geriatric and younger adults. However, because geriatric patients are more likely to have decreased renal function, care should be taken in dose selection, and it may be useful to monitor renal function. According to OBRA, use of antibiotics should be limited to confirmed or suspected bacterial infections.
Antibiotics are non-selective and may result in the eradication of beneficial microorganisms while promoting the emergence of undesired ones, causing secondary infections such as oral thrush, colitis, or vaginitis.
Any antibiotic may cause diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, and hypersensitivity reactions. No information is available about the interaction of cephalexin and metformin following multiple dose administration. Carbetapentane; Guaifenesin; Phenylephrine: Minor Caution may be warranted with coadminstration of cephalexin and zinc salts as zinc may decrease the absorption of cephalexin. When administered in combination with zinc, the cephalexin Cmax decreased from In a study comparing patients receiving cephalexin alone with cephalexin plus cholestyramine, cephalexin mean and peak plasma concentrations were significantly reduced in patients with malabsorption syndromes.
Desogestrel; Ethinyl Estradiol: Moderate It would be prudent to recommend alternative or additional contraception when oral contraceptives OCs are used in conjunction with antibiotics. It was previously thought that antibiotics may decrease the effectiveness of OCs containing estrogens due to stimulation of metabolism or a reduction in enterohepatic circulation via changes in GI flora.
One retrospective study reviewed the literature to determine the effects of oral antibiotics on the pharmacokinetics of contraceptive estrogens and progestins, and also examined clinical studies in which the incidence of pregnancy with OCs and antibiotics was reported. It was concluded that the antibiotics ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, clarithromycin, doxycycline, metronidazole, ofloxacin, roxithromycin, temafloxacin, and tetracycline did not alter plasma concentrations of OCs.
Antituberculous drugs e. Based on the study results, these authors recommended that back-up contraception may not be necessary if OCs are used reliably during oral antibiotic use. Another review concurred with these data, but noted that individual patients have been identified who experienced significant decreases in plasma concentrations of combined OC components and who appeared to ovulate; the agents most often associated with these changes were rifampin, tetracyclines, and penicillin derivatives.
These authors concluded that because females most at risk for OC failure or noncompliance may not be easily identified and the true incidence of such events may be under-reported, and given the serious consequence of unwanted pregnancy, that recommending an additional method of contraception during short-term antibiotic use may be justified. During long-term antibiotic administration, the risk for drug interaction with OCs is less clear, but alternative or additional contraception may be advisable in selected circumstances.
Data regarding progestin-only contraceptives or for newer combined contraceptive deliveries e. Dienogest; Estradiol valerate: Moderate It would be prudent to recommend alternative or additional contraception when oral contraceptives OCs are used in conjunction with antibiotics.
Drospirenone: Moderate It would be prudent to recommend alternative or additional contraception when oral contraceptives OCs are used in conjunction with antibiotics. Drospirenone; Estetrol: Moderate It would be prudent to recommend alternative or additional contraception when oral contraceptives OCs are used in conjunction with antibiotics. Drospirenone; Estradiol: Moderate It would be prudent to recommend alternative or additional contraception when oral contraceptives OCs are used in conjunction with antibiotics.
Drospirenone; Ethinyl Estradiol: Moderate It would be prudent to recommend alternative or additional contraception when oral contraceptives OCs are used in conjunction with antibiotics. Drospirenone; Ethinyl Estradiol; Levomefolate: Moderate It would be prudent to recommend alternative or additional contraception when oral contraceptives OCs are used in conjunction with antibiotics.
Elagolix; Estradiol; Norethindrone acetate: Moderate It would be prudent to recommend alternative or additional contraception when oral contraceptives OCs are used in conjunction with antibiotics. Estradiol; Levonorgestrel: Moderate It would be prudent to recommend alternative or additional contraception when oral contraceptives OCs are used in conjunction with antibiotics. Estradiol; Norethindrone: Moderate It would be prudent to recommend alternative or additional contraception when oral contraceptives OCs are used in conjunction with antibiotics.
Estradiol; Norgestimate: Moderate It would be prudent to recommend alternative or additional contraception when oral contraceptives OCs are used in conjunction with antibiotics. Ethinyl Estradiol: Moderate It would be prudent to recommend alternative or additional contraception when oral contraceptives OCs are used in conjunction with antibiotics. Ethinyl Estradiol; Levonorgestrel; Folic Acid; Levomefolate: Moderate It would be prudent to recommend alternative or additional contraception when oral contraceptives OCs are used in conjunction with antibiotics.
Ethinyl Estradiol; Norelgestromin: Moderate It would be prudent to recommend alternative or additional contraception when oral contraceptives OCs are used in conjunction with antibiotics.
Ethinyl Estradiol; Norethindrone Acetate: Moderate It would be prudent to recommend alternative or additional contraception when oral contraceptives OCs are used in conjunction with antibiotics. Ethinyl Estradiol; Norgestrel: Moderate It would be prudent to recommend alternative or additional contraception when oral contraceptives OCs are used in conjunction with antibiotics.
Speak to a pharmacist or doctor if you're worried or you take 2 extra doses or more. Like all medicines, cefalexin can cause side effects, although not everyone gets them. Fewer than 1 in people may have an allergic reaction to cefalexin. In most cases, the allergic reaction is mild. Keep taking the medicine, but talk to your doctor or pharmacist if these side effects bother you or do not go away:.
In rare cases, cefalexin can cause a serious allergic reaction anaphylaxis. You could be having a serious allergic reaction and may need immediate treatment in hospital. These are not all the side effects of cefalexin. For a full list see the leaflet inside your medicine packet. You can report any suspected side effect to the UK safety scheme.
It's usually safe to take cefalexin during pregnancy and while breastfeeding. For safety, tell your doctor if you're trying to get pregnant, are already pregnant or if you're breastfeeding. Tell your doctor if you're taking any of these medicines before you start taking cefalexin :. Do not take cefalexin at the same time as zinc supplements or anything with zinc in it. This is important because zinc may reduce the amount of cefalexin in your body, meaning the medicine cannot work as it's meant to.
If you do take supplements with zinc in them, make sure there is a gap of at least 3 hours before and after you take your cefalexin. For safety, tell your doctor or a pharmacist if you're taking any other medicines, including herbal remedies, vitamins or supplements. Cefalexin is from a group of medicines called cephalosporin antibiotics. It works by killing the bacteria that causes the infection.
Cefalexin can treat a wide range of bacteria so it works well for a variety of infections, such as chest, skin or urinary tract infections UTIs.
For most infections, you'll start to feel better in a few days, but this depends on the type of infection you have. It is important that you take the full course your doctor has advised, even if you feel better. It will stop the infection coming back. Tell your doctor if you do not start to feel better after taking cefalexin for 2 to 3 days, or if you feel worse at any time.
Your doctor will tell you how long to take cefalexin for, as this can vary depending on the type of infection you have. Cefalexin is generally used for a short time to treat an infection. It can also be used long term to prevent infections which keep coming back. For some types of infection, you may need to take cefalexin for at least 10 days.
If you need to take antibiotics like cefalexin often, they can become less effective as the bacteria gets used to the medicine. This is called antibiotic resistance. If your symptoms start to get worse again, tell your doctor or a pharmacist. If your symptoms do not improve at all after a few days, or they start to get worse again, tell your doctor or a pharmacist.
Do not stop taking your medicine early, even if you feel better, as this makes it more likely that the infection will come back and the bacteria will be resistant to cefalexin. Carry on taking cefalexin until you've completed the course, even if you feel better.
Do not stop taking it early, as there's a risk the infection could come back. It also gives any remaining bacteria a chance to change or adapt, which means the antibiotic could stop working. This is known as antibiotic resistance. Cefalexin belongs to a group of antibiotics called cephalosporins. This group also includes other antibiotics such as cefradine, cefuroxime and ceftazidime. Different antibiotics are used to treat different infections.
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